Harnessing Akwa Ibom’s blue economy for growth

Akwa Ibom’s vast marine resources could unlock jobs, industrial growth, and sustainable development if properly harnessed through strategic investment and policy implementation, writes ETIM EKPIMAH.

Akwa Ibom State is widely recognised for its abundant crude oil deposits, but beyond petroleum lies another enormous economic asset capable of transforming the state’s future — the blue economy.

Blessed with extensive coastal resources, rivers, creeks, estuaries, and marine ecosystems, the state possesses significant aquatic wealth that remains largely untapped despite its immense economic potential. Stakeholders believe that, if properly developed, the blue economy could become a major driver of industrialisation, job creation, tourism, and sustainable economic growth in the state.

The blue economy refers to the sustainable use of oceans, seas, rivers, and other aquatic resources for economic development, environmental sustainability, improved livelihoods, and job creation. It promotes the responsible management of marine and water resources while preserving ecosystems for future generations.

Globally, many coastal nations have successfully diversified their economies through strategic investments in marine transportation, fisheries, aquaculture, coastal tourism, renewable ocean energy, and marine biotechnology. Nigeria has also intensified its focus on the sector with the establishment of the Federal Ministry of Marine and Blue Economy in 2023.

However, despite the renewed national attention, industry stakeholders argue that states with rich marine ecosystems, including Akwa Ibom, still require deliberate policies, institutional frameworks, and increased investment to fully harness their aquatic resources.

Available data from maritime and environmental stakeholders indicate that Akwa Ibom possesses one of the richest blue economy ecosystems in Nigeria. The state’s coastal environment supports several sectors, including maritime transportation and shipping, fisheries and aquaculture, offshore oil and gas operations, inland waterways development, marine tourism, renewable energy, and environmental management.

A maritime expert, Idongesit Antung, speaking during a one-day training on tourism advocacy organised by the Institute of Corporate Leadership and Mentorship in collaboration with the Energy and Maritime Reporters of Nigeria, discussed redefining Nigeria’s future economy, which he said should be anchored on tourism and the marine economy. He added that the strategic development of these sectors could significantly transform the state’s economy.

He said, “For decades, Akwa Ibom has largely depended on civil service employment and oil revenue as major sources of economic survival. This dependence has contributed to limited industrial diversification and increasing unemployment among young people.”

Antung believes that expanding investment in the blue economy could reverse this trend by opening up new economic opportunities across coastal communities and urban centres.

He said, “The fisheries and aquaculture sector remain one of the most promising areas. With vast rivers, creeks, and coastal waters, Akwa Ibom has the capacity to become a leading producer of fish and seafood in Nigeria. Increased investment in commercial fish farming, fish processing, storage, and distribution could improve food security while creating employment opportunities for thousands of residents.

“Maritime transportation also presents enormous growth potential. Improved waterways, modern jetties, and efficient marine transport systems could boost commercial activities and improve connectivity between riverine communities. Enhanced inland water transportation would not only facilitate trade but also reduce pressure on road networks.

“Tourism is another area where the blue economy could have a significant impact. Akwa Ibom’s beaches, waterfronts, mangrove forests, and cultural attractions offer strong prospects for eco-tourism and hospitality development. With proper infrastructure and private sector investment, the state could attract both domestic and international tourists, thereby increasing internally generated revenue.”

Antung explained that renewable ocean energy is also emerging as a future economic opportunity. Across the world, countries are investing in offshore wind, tidal, and wave energy projects as alternatives to conventional energy sources. Although the sector remains relatively underdeveloped in Nigeria, he added that Akwa Ibom’s coastal geography positions it favourably for future marine energy initiatives.

Despite the vast opportunities, several challenges continue to hinder the growth of the blue economy in the state.

One of the major concerns is the absence of robust state-level institutions and policies dedicated specifically to marine and aquatic development. Stakeholders have repeatedly called for the establishment of agencies and legal frameworks that can coordinate, regulate, and promote blue economy activities in Akwa Ibom.

The Energy and Maritime Reporters of Nigeria stated that infrastructure deficits remain a serious obstacle. Many coastal and riverine communities still lack functional ports, jetties, cold storage facilities, and modern transportation systems required to support large-scale marine operations. Poor infrastructure continues to discourage investment and limit productivity in the sector.

According to the group, environmental degradation is another growing concern. Oil spills, marine pollution, illegal fishing practices, coastal erosion, and poor waste management threaten aquatic ecosystems and the livelihoods of coastal communities. Experts warn that without sustainable environmental management, the long-term benefits of the blue economy could be undermined.

The group further stated that security challenges along waterways also require urgent attention. Piracy, illegal activities, and insecurity in some coastal areas continue to discourage investors and commercial operators. Stakeholders insist that improved marine security and enforcement of safety regulations are essential for sustainable growth.

The organisation further stressed the need for collaboration among the state government, federal authorities, private investors, environmental agencies, marine engineers, and local communities. It argued that unlocking the full potential of the blue economy would require strategic planning, investment in technology, policy implementation, and continuous monitoring of environmental standards.

It was also gathered that education and skills development are equally important to the sector’s success. Experts believe that training programmes in marine engineering, fisheries management, maritime logistics, environmental science, and aquaculture could equip young people with the technical skills required to participate effectively in the emerging marine economy.

For many stakeholders, the blue economy represents more than just an alternative source of revenue. It is increasingly viewed as a pathway to sustainable development, industrial expansion, and economic diversification for Akwa Ibom State.

If properly harnessed, the sector could create thousands of jobs, attract local and foreign investment, strengthen food production, and position the state as a major maritime and aquatic hub in Nigeria.

As global economies continue to shift towards sustainable resource management, Akwa Ibom’s vast marine wealth offers a unique opportunity for long-term economic transformation. The challenge, however, lies in the state’s ability to develop the right policies, infrastructure, and investment climate needed to unlock the enormous potential hidden within its waters.